AWS Quizz

1. Which of these is a valid restriction on the properties of a VPC?

2. You have a Linux EC2 web server that suddenly is timing out on all HTTP requests and your SSH connection attempts are timing out. You notice that it is failing the system status check in the EC2 console. What action should you take?

3. Your application performance management (APM) system can read the status of your CloudWatch monitors and perform scripted actions. When the CloudWatch metric StatusCheckFailed enters a failed state (a value of 1), you would like your APM to automatically repair the instance. Which script do you use?

4. Which feature can be used to respond to a sudden increase in web traffic?

5. Point out the wrong statement

6. Use the ___ protocol in a VPC security group to communicate with a DB instance.

7. Which AWS service complies with the standards outlined in Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) Level 1 for the handling and transmission of credit card data?

8. Which Elastic Load Balancing option supports Lambda as a target?

9. What privilege is specific to the AWS root account, and cannot be granted to another IAM user on the account?

10. When creating a RESTful API into a DynamoDB table, which is the right service to facilitate this?

11. What is wrong with the third incoming security group rule, which allows all traffic from sg-269afc5e to go to an Ubuntu EC2 instance configured as a web server?

12. A nontechnical client wants to migrate a WordPress site to AWS from a private server managed by a third-party hosting company. Which AWS service should you recommend to migrate the site to?

13. Which AWS service is valid data source for AppSync?

14. What does the following AWS CLI `create-service` command for ECS do?

```
aws ecs create-service \
--cluster production \
--service-name rest-api \
--task-definition rest-api:1 \
--desired-count 2 \
--launch-type "FARGATE" \
--network-configuration \
"awsvpcConfiguration={subnets=[subnet-0b29129ab],securityGroups=[sg-0b29129ab]}"

15. Application Load Balancer can route traffic to several different target groups based upon several conditions. Which of these use cases is not supported by Application Load Balancer?

16. Benefit of using S3 Glacier?

17. All the Amazon EC2 instances you launch into a nondefault VPC are ___ by default.

18. What is the best EC2 instance class for a server that continuously has a heavy CPU load?

19. A principle of DevOps is to view infrastructure as code. Which AWS service allows you to script your AWS infrastructure?

20. You have an analytics suite that produces reports about the usage patterns of your web application. After completing your migration to AWS and using Application Load Balancer to balance the load across your web application, your marketing department noticed that location-based reports on the web traffic only show traffic originating from a single location. What is the problem?

21. In the S3 console, underneath the Access column, what does the public badge next to the bucket name indicate?

22. You created a Windows EC2 instance with a public IP address and installed SQL Server. When attempting to connect to SQL Server from SQL Server Enterprise Manager on your local computer, the Windows EC2 instance is unable to establish a connection to the server. What is the first thing you should check?

23. When using AWS for research and development ahead of a planned migration, how do you prevent unexpected increases or spikes in the billing?

24. If a set of servers are located within a private subnet of your VPC, how can you connect those servers to on-premise servers?

25. You have a fleet of IoT devices that send telemetry to a server-side application provided by your IoT vendor for decoding a proprietary messaging format. The devices are provisioned to send telemetry reports to your server via UDP on port 6339. What is the best way scale this server as more Iot devices are added to your fleet?

26. Which is default user in Ec2 Linux-red hat/amazon.

27. When sending a large volume of email through SES, what is the most important set of metrics to monitor?

28. What in-memory caching server is not supported by ElastiCache?

29. When using an ECS cluster with EC2 instances, what maintenance tasks should you perform on the EC2s?

30. You need a schematic database. Which Amazon database service provides that solution?

31. You have recently launched your new web product and are expecting 1,000 new users each month. However, you have just received word from the CEO that your product will be featured at an upcoming conference covered by several media outlets, and this could lead to 20,000 new users over the next week. How do you plan for a sudden increase in traffic?

32. You have enabled Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for your AWS root account and you lost your MFA device. What do you need to do to recover access to your account?

33. You created a VPC that has a public subnet and a private subnet. A web server was placed in the public subnet and a database server was placed in the private subnet. The web server is able to connect to the database server; however, the database server at 10.0.1.2 is unable to get software updates. What is the cause of this issue?

34. You created a new Linux EC2 instance and installed PostgreSQL but you are not able to establish a connection to the server from your local computer. What steps do you take to resolve this issue?

35. What does the statement body of this S3 bucket policy do?

```json
{
"Sid": "bucketpolicy1", "Effect": "Allow",
"Principal": "*", "Action": "s3:GetObject",
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::userreports/*", "Condition": {
"IpAddress": { "aws:SourceIp": "68.249.108.0/24" }, "NotIpAddress": { "aws:SourceIp": "68.249.108.128/32" }
}
}

36. What data store provides a simple and quick way of storing basic user attributes in an object-based format?

37. If a single instance has failed to launch within 24 hours due to some issues during a set up of Auto-scaling. Then what will happen to the Auto-Scaling condition?

38. When designing a serverless web application using Lambda, what key concept must you factor into your design?

39. If you stop and restart an EC2 instance, does it retain its private IP address?

40. After installing AWS Amplify's CLI, what command allows the user to connect an AWS account with the local install?

41. What does it cost to launch an EC2 instance from the AWS Marketplace?

42. When you launch an instance into a dedicated-tenancy VPC, what happens?

43. You have a large amount of files on your network-attached storage array that must be archived and maintained for a period of 10 years due to industry regulations. This data will be infrequently accessed but must be kept. What is the best AWS service for storing this data?

44. When creating a new RDS instance, what does the Multi-AZ option do?

45. In terms of Amazon VPC design, a VPC with a single public subnet is ideal for which of the following application designs?

46. What does this small section of a CloudFormation template do?

```yaml FlowLog:
Type: AWS::EC2::FlowLog Properties:
DeliverLogsPermissionArn: !GetAtt IamRole.Arn LogGroupName: FlowLogsGroup
ResourceId: !Ref LogVpcId ResourceType: VPC TrafficType: ALL
```

47. What is the best practice for maintaining Windows EC2 instances and applying updates?

48. As your web application grows and your application monitoring needs become more complex, which additional log monitoring service should you NOT consider?

49. What does a VPC do?

50. What's the best practice for horizontally scaling a legacy ASP.NET web application that relies on Active Directory and is currently deployed to a single Windows EC2 instance?

51. You are going to host an application that uses a MySQL database. Which database should you select if you don't want to manage scaling or database administration tasks?

52. An EC2 instance running a WordPress site keeps getting hacked, even though you have restored the server several times and have patched WordPress. What AWS service can help you detect and prevent further attacks?

53. Which AWS service can be used to help generate the documentation required by various compliance standards, such as Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) Level 1 for the handling of credit card data?

54. Can you lose the public IP address associated with your EC2 instance?

55. What service can host your Docker containers?

56. You have an application using a 100 GB MySQL database that you are migrating into AWS. What should you consider when deciding between whether to host the database on RDS for MySQL or Aurora?

57. In addition to CloudFormation, you can use other orchestration tools to automate server formation and maintenance. Which tool is _not_ an efficient choice for the orchestration of a large infrastructure?

58. Your company has on-premise servers with an existing onsite backup solution that also replicates backups to another campus on the other side of the country with its own on-site backup solution. You have been asked to create a third level of redundancy by also storing these backups in the cloud. In the event of a primary and secondary backup failure, your boss wants to know that the cloud backups can be accessible as fast as possible to reduce downtime during the recovery. What S3 storage class do you recommend for cost and performance?

59. You have a VPC that has a public and private subnet. There is a NAT gateway in the public subnet that allows instances in the private subnet to access the internet without having public exposure outside of the VPC. What should the routing tables be for the private subnet?

60. You are running Docker containers on ECS. What is the most important metric to monitor?

61. You are migrating a 200 GB database from an on-premise SQL Server to RDS for SQL Server. The database needs to have minimal downtime during the migration. What is the best practice for migrating this database?

62. What is `not` a default user of a common Linux instance launched from an AMI?

63. You have replicated the infrastructure that serves the backend API for your web application across regions to better serve your customers in the US and the EU. What is the best way to direct your web application at the nearest data center?

64. You have four front-end web servers behind a load balancer, which use NFS to access another EC2 instance that resizes and stores images for the front-end application. What security group policies should be assigned to these servers?

65. You have an application that generates long-running reports, stores them in an S3 bucket, and then emails the user who requested the report with a link to download it. What is the best practice for storing the report data in S3?

66. You are creating a DynamoDB table to store all movies that have been released since 1938. Your application will allow users to search by movie title and see the details of that film. Given the sample below showing the movie data that you will be importing, what is the best set of keys to apply to this table?

```json
{
"title": "The Avengers", "year": 2012,
"cast": ["Mark Ruffalo", "Robert Downey, Jr."], "genres": ["Action"]
}

67. the outbound rules of a security group only allow traffic going to 0.0.0.0/0 on TCP Port 22 (SSH) and TCP port 3306 (MySQL). Review the inbound rules listed in the image below. What is the most important issue to fix with this security group configuration, for an Ubuntu EC2 instance acting as a web server?

68. How do you architect a solution for an SQL Server database to be replicated across AWS regions in an active-active architecture?

69. Your web application is getting a suspicious amount of bad requests from foreign IP addresses. Your business is operating in only a few countries and you would like to block any other traffic. What is the best practice for limiting access to your web application by country?

70. Your database is an RDS instance running SQL Server with Multi-AZ replication and you have several older .NET console utilities that perform database operations every
15 seconds. When the cluster has to switch the primary database server to the secondary AZ, the .NET utilities start to report connection failures to the database although other applications are able to access the database. How do you correct this problem?

71. To comply with auditing requirements of some compliance standards, which AWS tool can be enabled to maintain an audit log of access and changes to your AWS infrastructure?

72. Which big data store will let you store large streams of user activity data coming from both web and mobile applications?

73. You are migrating an on-premise RabbitMQ cluster into AWS. Which migration path should you choose for ease of both maintenance and deployment?

74. Your on-premise data center (172.16.128.0/24) is already connected to your AWS VPC (10.0.0.0/16) by a customer gateway. You wish to connect another data center for a company you just acquired (172.16.130.0/24) to your VPC as shown in the image. What is the best way to create this link?

75. Which AWS service can host the web application server for a WordPress site?

76. What is the benefits of using S3 Glacier for storage?

77. You want to make your public API quickly accessible from all regions. What is the best way to do this?

78. What happens to a SQL Server RDS instance if the databases increase in size and go over the allocated space?

79. What type of data solution should you use for data coming from nonrelational and relational data from IoT devices, websites, mobile apps, etc.?

80. Which database is a NoSQL database type that can quickly store and retrieve key- value pairs?

81. Which communication channel does SNS not support natively?

82. When launching an EC2 instance with an instance type that supports instance storage, what use case is best for instance storage?

83. For your AWS root account, you have generated a random password of the maximum allowed length and included special characters. Which additional steps should you take to secure your AWS root account?

84. What option is best for Auto Scaling your EC2 instances for predictable traffic patterns?

85. How do you limit access to an S3 bucket by source IP address?

86. Where is the best place to store database backups on an EC2 instance that is configured as a database server?

87. You have a T2 EC2 instance that is critical to your infrastructure. How would you monitor the most important metric for this instance?

88. How do you connect via SSH to a Linux EC2 instance with an EBS volume if you lost your key pair?

89. Which of these AWS services can be related to Lambda via a trigger?

90. You have a Linux EC2 instance that is not responding to requests and you can not connect to it via SSH. Using the EC2 console, you issued a command to stop the instance, but for the past 10 minutes, the instance has been in the "stopping" state. What is the next step you should take?

91. What AWS services can help you automate your development pipeline for continuous integration and continuous deployment?

92. You are hosting an application configured to stream media to its clients on TCP ports 3380-3384, 3386-3388, and 3390. The Inbound tab below shows three incoming security group policies attached to this instance. Which policy should you use?

93. You have several on-premise servers and would like to store your offsite backups on AWS. What fully managed backup service can you use to ship your backups to AWS?

94. How do you assign an Elastic IP to several EC2 instances?

95. You have 14 on-premise web servers, 4 database servers, 6 servers using GIS software, 3 file servers, and 4 development servers. What considerations should you take into account when migrating these servers into AWS?

96. Your application is sending 50,000 emails through SES each day. Since you must maintain a low bounce rate to avoid being put on probation, what simple system do you architect to automatically process hard bounces?

97. A new developer has been added to the team and you have been asked to provide access to the organization's AWS account. What is the best practice for granting access?